Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis and associated factors among diabetic patients attending at some selected hospitals in Mogadishu-Somalia

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Microbiology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia. 252.

2 Department of Microbiology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia, 252

3 Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia. 252.

Abstract

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most common parasitic infections in humans worldwide. Up to one-third of the human population is estimated to be infected by toxoplasmosis. Diabetes increases the risk of many infections due to a decreased immune system, including T. gondii as an opportunistic infection. This study aimed to determine the Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis and its associated factors among diabetic patients attending selected hospitals. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Mogadishu, Somalia, from December 2022 to July 2023. Blood samples were collected from 384 diabetic patients. Toxoplasma IgM and IgG combination rapid test cassettes were used to screen samples from diabetic patients at Adan Adde and Dr. Sumait hospitals. Questionnaire data and serological results were analyzed using SPSS 25. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to measure associations between dependent and independent variables. Results: Out of 384 study participants, 216 (56%) were positive and 168 (43%) were negative for seroprevalence toxoplasmosis among diabetic patients. The seropositive rate of anti-IgG Toxoplasma test was 53%, while IgM was 2%. Toxoplasma-positive rates were higher in females (72.7%) than males (27.3%). P values were highly significant (OR=0.27, 95%CL (0.17-0.42 P˂0.001) differences between females and males regarding anti-Toxoplasma seropositive rates. Conclusion: The prevalence of toxoplasmosis in diabetic patients was 56%. An association was found between toxoplasmosis and type of diabetes. Our research found a significant relationship between sex and toxoplasmosis, with seropositivity rates among females being highly significant.

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