Vertical transmission of multidrug-resistant pathogens: Challenges and strategies in maternal and neonatal Care

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 Maternity Department, Banadir Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia

2 Department of Microbiology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia

3 Blood Bank Unit, Banadir Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia.

4 Department Of Microbiology, Kogi State (Prince Abubakar Audu) University, Anyigba, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens presents a critical threat to maternal and neonatal health worldwide. Vertical transmission of these pathogens from mother to child can occur at various stages, including in utero, during delivery, and postnatally through breastfeeding or close contact. Such transmission pathways significantly contribute to neonatal morbidity and mortality, often leading to severe infections that are challenging to treat due to limited therapeutic options. This review delves into the mechanisms underlying vertical transmission, providing insights into the epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical impact of MDR pathogens on neonatal health outcomes. Furthermore, it highlights the challenges associated with early detection, accurate diagnosis, and effective prevention of these infections within healthcare settings. Addressing this complex issue requires a multifaceted strategy that incorporating enhanced surveillance, antimicrobial stewardship, and infection control measures. Emphasizing the importance of a One Health approach, this review underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration across human, animal, and environmental health sectors to mitigate the spread of MDR pathogens and safeguard maternal and neonatal well-being.

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