A call for proactive public health preparedness against the Zika virus in India

Document Type : Review Article

Author

Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Background: Arboviruses, spread by insects like mosquitoes, pose a serious threat to human and animal health worldwide. Zika virus is one of the pathogenic viruses that are spreading rapidly. In India, the virus was first reported in Ahmadabad in 2017. Zika virus was re-emerged in India, raising concerns about transmission dynamics and associated health risks. The emergence of Zika virus in India in 2024 presents a major public health challenge requiring proactive preparedness. Amidst the ongoing threat of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, the re-emergence of Zika depicts the complex and growing nature of global health challenges. The key driving factors include climate change and rapid urbanization that promote the proliferation of mosquito vectors. Currently the threat of Zika virus in India appears to be relatively low, however, the sustained public health vigilance and adherence to preventive measures remains priority. The implementation of improved surveillance systems, rapid diagnostic capabilities, engaging communities in prevention measures and awareness programs are essential to effectively manage the potential of virus outbreaks. This review highlights the importance of proactive responses and continuous monitoring to mitigate the re-emergence of Zika virus in India.

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