Impact of diabetes mellitus and its management on density and biodiversity of oral aerobic resistance bacteria in children

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Karbala, Iraq

Abstract

Background: The oral flora community is affected by numerous factors within the human body. Diabetes potentially has an impact on oral bacteria. This study aims to investigate the impact of diabetes on the density and diversity of oral bacteria and antibacterial-resistant species. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed to analyze the profile of oral aerobic bacteria in 101 children with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 101 nondiabetic children. The diabetes group was subdivided into 50 controlled and 51 non-controlling diabetes. Oral swabs were collected from the oral of all children groups. Isolated bacteria were identified by standard microbiological methods and tested for antibiotic susceptibility. The density of bacteria was determined by counting colony form units. Results: The density of isolated bacteria was not significantly different between diabetic and nondiabetic children. Uncontrolled diabetes had a higher number of bacteria compared to the controlled group. Bacterial diversity was observed between diabetes and nondiabetic children. Heavy growth of bacteria was observed in old age. Resistance was variable among isolated bacteria at species and strain levels. Antibacterial-resistant bacteria were more common in nondiabetic children. Multidrug resistance was also identified in many isolates. Kocuria kristinae and Staphylococcus aureus were the most frequent resistant bacteria. Resistance was mainly to cefixime, ceftriaxone, and tetracycline. Conclusion: Diabetes has an impact on oral bacteria diversity without any effect on density. The number of antibacterial-resistant bacteria may decline in the presence of diabetic disorders. Most bacteria are resistant to cefixime, ceftriaxone, and tetracycline.

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Microbes and Infectious Diseases

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 08 July 2024

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