Seroprevalence of anti-cytomegalovirus IgG antibody among women of child-bearing age attending selected hospitals in Kaduna State, Nigeria

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Congenital infections by Human Cytomegalovirus are significant cause of morbidity and mortality among neonates and infants. The study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of anti-CMV IgG antibody among women of child-bearing age attending selected hospitals in Kaduna State. Methods: Two hundred and twenty-eight (228) blood samples were collected from women of reproductive age and analyzed by serology using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Structured questionnaire was used to determine socio-demographic and risk factors associated with Human Cytomegalovirus infection. Results: Out of the 228 samples analysed, 195(85.5%) were positive for anti-CMV IgG. With respect to socio-demographic factors, female patients who; are 45 years and above (95.6%), have informal education (95.1%), live in rural areas (87.4%), are self-employed (85.9%), are married (96.7%), have low socioeconomic status (96.7) had the highest seroprevalence. A statistical significant difference was observed only between area of residence (p=0.011).With respect to risk factors, female patients; with multiple sex partners, with history of blood transfusion, who claimed to wash their hands with soap after changing baby’s diaper, who do not wash their hands with soap after coming in contact with children’s urine, who do not come in close contact with children had highest IgG seroprevalence with 95.4%, 86.7%, 86.3%, 89.6% and 91.7% respectively. However, no statistical significant association was observed between Human Cytomegalovirus infection and the risk factors considered. Conclusion: The high seroprevalence observed in the study indicates that Human Cytomegalovirus is endemic in the study area, therefore routine screening should be conducted for high-risk groups.

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Microbes and Infectious Diseases

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 24 February 2024

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