Superbug Acinetobacter baumannii causing infections: Insights from tertiary hospital: in Kebbi State, Nigeria

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Microbiology, P.O.BOX 1144, Kebbi State Nigeria.

2 Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Animal and Environmental Sciences. P.O.BOX 1144, Kebbi State Nigeria.

Abstract

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii was classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the ESCAPE organisms that cause nosocomial infection in many healthcare settings. The pathogen was reported to be resistant to the most commonly prescribed antibiotics in healthcare settings. The WHO recommends antibiotic surveillance as one of the strategies to tackle the spread of the bacterium. The research aimed to investigate the superbug Acinetobacter baumannii infections from tertiary hospitals in Kebbi State. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive hospital-based study in which 185 samples were involved from urine catheter, wound swab and nasal intubation from patients who were ≤14 years of age admitted to Sir Yahaya Memorial Hospital Birnin Kebbi (SYMHBK) and Kebbi Medical Center Kalgo (KMCK). The samples were processed using the standard microbiological method. The isolates were cultured using MacConkey agar (HiMedia Laboratories Pvt Ltd, Mumbai, India, M173) and A. baumannii was identified using biochemical tests and confirmed using conventional PCR and Sanger sequencing methods. The antibiotic resistance pattern of the bacterial isolates was determined using the disc diffusion method. Results: The prevalence of A. baumannii was found to be 15/185 (8.1%) from all the hospitals studied. Prevalence of A. baumannii was found to be higher among males 8/82 (9.8%). Age groups 6-11 years 9 (12.2%) had the highest prevalence of A. baumannii. Kebbi Medical Center Kalgo had a high prevalence of 4/46 (8.7%). A. baumannii had a higher distribution of 15 (34.8%) among all bacteria isolated. A. baumannii was found to be 100% resistant to cefpodoxime, cefepime, cepotaxime and meropenem. Sanger sequencing results revealed 3/43 (7.0%) A. baumannii. Conclusions: This research revealed the presence of A. baumannii in the studied hospitals in Kebbi State which were resistant to cefpodoxime, cefepime, cepotaxime and meropenem.

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Main Subjects

Microbes and Infectious Diseases

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 26 December 2023

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