The prevalence of urinary tract infection among students of Modibbo Adama University of technology, Yola Nigeria, and the effects of plasmid curing on the antibiotic resistance profile of uropathogens.

Document Type : Original Article

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Department of Microbiology, Modibbo Adama University, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background and rationale: Plasmid curing is a potential strategy to combat antibiotic resistance that involves the elimination of plasmids responsible for disseminating resistance genes among bacteria. While hospital-acquired urinary tract infection (UTI) cases might showcase higher antibiotic resistance, the antibiotic profiles of UTI cases among hostel-residing university students remain largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate the rate of urinary tract infections among students at Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria. Moreover, this study also aims to determine the origin of antibiotic resistance profiles of these uropathogens by assessing whether they are chromosomal or plasmid-borne. Methods: Seventy-six urine samples were collected from Modibbo Adama University, Yola students. The samples were cultured on CLED agar, and identification was performed based on cultural characteristics, gram stain reactions, and sugar fermentation tests. Antibiotic resistance was assessed using the disc diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar, while plasmid curing was achieved through growth in 2% SDS.  Results: The findings revealed that out of the 76 urine samples analyzed, 35(46%) exhibited significant bacterial growth, indicating the presence of UTIs. Five bacterial species, namely Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, and Enterococcus faecalis, were isolated in this study. The results demonstrated that the Gram-negative bacteria were generally resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin/clavulanic, and pefloxacin, while the Gram-positive bacteria showed resistance to ampicillin and cefuroxime.  Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings of this study demonstrated that although plasmid curing holds remarkable potential for combating antibiotic resistance, plasmid curing has minimal impact on the antibiotic profile of the identified uropathogens.

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