Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Federal University of Agriculture Zuru, Zuru, Kebbi State, Nigeria
2
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University , Sokoto Nigeria
3
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University , Sokoto Nigeria
4
Department of Veterinary Medicinel, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bayero University, Kano , Nigeria
5
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bayero University, Kano Nigeria
6
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture Zuru, , Nigeria
7
Department of Veterinary Theriogenology and production, Federal University of Agriculture Zuru, Kebbi Nigeria
Abstract
Background: Escherichia coli causes life threatening disease in humans through ingestion of contaminated animal products such as milk and meat. Infections are widely distributed among poultry of all ages and categories and they are primarily related to poor hygienic conditions. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the presence of extended spectrum beta lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL) in chicken by conventional bacterial isolation, molecular characterization and drug sensitivity testing. Multi-drug resistant ESBL producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) were isolated from poultry (broilers, layers and chicken) from farms and live bird market in Gusau Metropolis, Nigeria using conventional methods of isolation, molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results: The overall prevalence of E. coli based on phenotypic identification was 22.1 % (64/289), and genotypic identification (PCR) was 12.1% (35/289). The overall prevalence of ESBL was 20% (6/30) while the prevalence of ESBL based on the chicken type was 37.5% (3/8), 18.7% (3/16) and 0% (0/6) for broilers, layers and local chickens respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility test revealed 88.5% resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate and imipenem and 80% to cefuroxime, 62.8% erythromycin, 54.2% cefexime, 51.4% cefotaxime and azithromycin. However, 31.4% were susceptible to levofloxacin, 40% to ofloxacin, 45.7% to ceftriaxone, 45.7% to ciprofloxacin and 45.7% to gentamicin. Conclusions: the study revealed the prevalence of ESBLs E. coli 20% (6/30) and (blaCTX-M) gene in chicken in Gusau Metropolis and antibiotic resistance awareness is hereby recommended to be carried out by relevant agency.
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