Invitro inhibitory effect of Lactic acid bacteria isolated from Kunun zaki against multi-drug resistant diarrhogenic bacteria in HIV patients in Jos, Nigeria

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria.

2 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria

3 Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria.

4 Department of Microbiology, Plateau State University, Bokkos, Nigeria.

5 Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria.

6 Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Fidei Polytechnic, Gboko, Nigeria.

Abstract

Background: Claims from locals in Nigeria hold that Kunun zaki has some medicinal properties. The study was therefore carried out to investigate the inhibitory effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on multidrug resistant diarrheagenic bacteria in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. Method: Twenty-five stool samples of seropositive  HIV patients from Plateau State Specialist Hospital confirmed to have chronic diarrhea were collected aseptically and bacteria were isolated and identified using microscopic and biochemical techniques. The antibiotics susceptibility tests of the isolates were also carried out using the disc diffusion method to determine drug resistance of the bacteria. The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) used were isolated and identified using standard bacteriological techniques and analytical profile index (API) kits. Diarrheagenic bacteria which showed multiple resistance to antibiotics were tested against lactic acid bacteria using agar well diffusion method. Results: The results showed that Shigella spp (36.0%), Salmonella spp (16.0%) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) (48.0%) were the diarrheagenic bacteria isolated from the HIV patients. The pathogens were most resistant to ampicillin (60%) and least resistant to tarivid (8%).  Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus lactis, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum isolated from Kunun zaki demonstrated antibacterial activity against the pathogens with the effect of the two lactic acid bacteria (L. lactis Gb3ii and L. plantarum Ar1) being significantly higher than the individual LAB used respectively. Conclusion: Lactic acid bacteria from Kunun zaki had demonstrated antibacterial effects against multidrug resistant pathogens, hence could be potential probiotics for inclusion in the fermentation of Kunun zaki that HIV patients could consume.

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